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Author TB Thompson DVM has been a licensed, practicing veterinarian since 2000.
Is your dog’s eye swollen? First, it’s important to figure out whether it’s the actual eyeball or the eyelid or that’s swollen—they’re not the same thing.
A quick check? See if both eyeballs are the same size—if they are, it might be just the eyelid that’s swollen.
Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common cause of swollen, red eyelids in dogs. People often mix it up with bacterial conjunctivitis or ‘pink eye’, but that’s actually less common in dogs.
The general condition is known as blepharitis and it’s common among dogs. Your dog should see a veterinarian about this problem as soon as possible.
Keep reading to learn about causes, symptoms and home care to help your dog feel better…
KEY POINTS
- Eyelid swelling is common in dogs.
- Allergy is the most frequent cause of swollen eyes and eyelids in dogs. Other conditions such as immune-mediated disease and viral infection are also possible.
- First aid care may ease your dog’s discomfort while waiting for their appointment to see a veterinarian.
What is Blepharitis?
Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelid, which can affect one or both eyelids. It can cause redness, swelling, and discomfort. Sometimes you’ll see other symptoms such as hair loss around the eyes and discharge.
Common Causes of Blepharitis in Dogs
Dogs can have swollen eyelids due to various reasons. It’s important to understand the different causes to address them properly. Below is a table detailing possible reasons and their descriptions.
1. Allergy
Allergies are common in dogs and usually occur as a reaction to pollen, dust, or even certain topical products. This can result in eyelid swelling, red, itchy eyes, and discomfort. Sometimes, adverse reactions to medications can also cause these symptoms.
2. Immune Conditions
Dogs’ eyelids have a lot of immune system activity to protect them from invaders. When their immune system overreacts it can cause eyelid swelling. This can be due to the body reacting to medications or a primary condition where the body mistakenly sees its own cells as a threat.
3. Infections
Bacterial, fungal or viral infections can lead to swollen, red, and uncomfortable eyelids. Puppies are more likely to get these infections. Bacterial infections are often secondary to some other condition. Fungal and viral infections usually come from other animals or their surroundings.
4. Metabolic Issues
Reaction to chronic sun exposure can affect the skin around the eyes. Hepatocutaneous syndrome occurs as a result of severe liver disease and can affect eyelid skin.
5. Nutritional Deficiency
Some dog breeds have problems absorbing zinc. Siberian Huskies and Malamutes are the most affected breeds. Zinc deficiency leads to crusting skin lesions which may involve the eyelids.
6. Parasites
Parasitic skin mites such as Demodex and scabies may lead to eyelid swelling in dogs. Other parasites like the roundworm Onchocerca and Cuterebra fly larvae can affect eyelids.
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7. Physical Trauma
Insect stings, injuries, burns, bites, or exposure to extreme temperatures or chemicals can lead to eyelid problems. Though uncommon, bites from snakes can cause damage to the eyelids.
8. Protozoal Infections
Leishmaniasis is caused by single-celled parasitic protozoa and can affect a dog’s eyelids. These parasites are spread by biting flies and are common in some areas of the world. Infection can lead to dry scales, hair loss around the eyes.
9. Puppy Strangles
Juvenile cellulitis, also known as Puppy Strangles, is an uncommon condition that affects young puppies. It often causes pustules on the face, eyelid swelling and discomfort. Experts believe the condition is caused by immune system imbalance.
10. Tumors
Whether benign or malignant, tumors can affect the eyelids, causing inflammation and swelling. Sometimes, eyelid issues can occur due to treatment for tumors located nearby.
![dog's eye with swelling of eyelid tissue [dog eye swollen]](https://naturalpetshq.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Crusty-swollen-dog-eyelid.jpg)
Symptoms of Blepharitis
Spotting symptoms early is key! Here’s a quick rundown of what to look out for. Keep an eye (no pun intended!) on your doggo for any of these signs, and see a veterinarian for help…
- Increased mucus discharge.
- Wetness around the eyes.
- Increased tearing.
- Pinkish appearance over the whites of the eyes.
- Small sores or scabs near lid margins.
- Rubbing the eye with a paw or on furniture.
Treatment & Management
Treatment largely depends on identifying and addressing the underlying cause. Veterinarians often prescribe topical medications such as antibiotics and anti-inflammatories for mild conditions. Oral medication might be necessary for moderate to severe problems.
For allergy-induced conditions, a combination of immune system calming drugs, antihistamines, or steroids might be necessary for long-term management.
Home Care
While you’re waiting to see the vet, here are some remedies to help alleviate your dog’s discomfort:
- Saline Eyewash: Use it to flush the eye and surrounding tissue 2-3 times a day. Do not use contact lens solution!
- Warm Compresses: Use a warm, wet washcloth compress on the eyelid for 5-10 minutes twice a day. Be gentle-don’t rub!
- Artificial Tear Solution: Plain over-the-counter solutions applied twice a day may soothe irritation.
- Cone/E-collar: To prevent your pup from rubbing his eye, which could cause more damage.
- Avoid Allergens: Keep the dog indoors to minimize exposure to pollen and dust.
Important Reminder
While home remedies can provide temporary relief, your dog needs care from a veterinarian. Relying solely on home remedies without a vet consultation might lead to prolonged discomfort for your dog.
Conclusion
Blepharitis is a common but treatable condition in dogs. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and management techniques can aid in early detection and treatment.
Always consult with your veterinarian before starting any new treatment or therapy. And remember, your dog is counting on you to help him get better!
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